The United Nations Climate Change Conference 2021 (COP26) kicks off in Glasgow, Scotland, where representatives and heads of state from 200 countries will announce what steps will be taken by 2030 to bring the planet to life. To be protected from the effects of climate change.
Climate change is causing global warming, and scientists have warned that urgent action is needed to protect the planet from the effects of climate change.
We also need to know what is climate change and how it is affecting our environment.
Human activity has increased emissions of carbon dioxide, which raises the temperature.
Severe weather conditions and possible melting of polar ice caps are among the possible effects.
What is climate change?
The climate of an area is the average of its seasons for many years. Climate change is the change in this average.
The earth is now undergoing rapid climate change and global warming is rising. What does climate change mean?
the people
Climate change will change our lifestyles, leading to water shortages and difficult food production.
Some regions could be dangerously hot and others would be uninhabitable due to rising sea levels.
Severe weather events such as heat waves, rains and storms will recur and increase in intensity, threatening people's lives and livelihoods.
Citizens of poorer countries are less likely to adapt, so they will suffer the most.
Environment
Polar ice and glaciers are melting fast. There is a risk of flooding in the low-lying coastal areas as well as in the oceans.
When frozen ground melts in places like Siberia, methane, a greenhouse gas, is released into the atmosphere, exacerbating the effects of climate change.
Weather conditions conducive to forest fires are increasing.
the nature
When their area changes, some species of animals will move to new areas.
But climate change is happening so fast that many species are likely to become extinct.
Polar bears are in danger of disappearing because the ice on which they depend is rapidly melting.
Salmon fish populations in the Atlantic Ocean could be destroyed as the rivers in which they breed are warming.
Coral reefs may disappear as more carbon dioxide is absorbed into the oceans. What are the causes?
There have always been natural changes in the climate.
But due to human activities, global temperature is now rising.
The world has warmed about 1.2 degrees Celsius since people started using oil, gas and coal in the past. The fuel is being used to power plants, transport and heat homes.
Burning these fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases that trap solar energy. The amount of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, has increased by almost 50% since the 19th century and by 12% over the last two decades. Has happened
Deforestation is another reason for the increase in greenhouse gases.
When trees are burned or cut down, they usually store carbon and emit them.
What will happen in the future?
Scientists have set a 1.5 degree Celsius rise in temperature as the "safe" limit for global warming.
If the temperature rises, harmful changes in the natural environment can change the lifestyle of human beings.
Many scientists believe that this will happen and predict an increase of 3 degrees Celsius or more by the end of the century.
It will have different effects around the world
The UK will be at risk of flooding due to heavy rains
Countries with low-lying Pacific islands could be submerged due to rising sea levels.
Many African countries will suffer from drought and food shortages
Severe drought in North America will affect the western part of the country, while other areas are expected to receive additional rainfall and more severe storms.
Australia is likely to be hit by severe heat and severe drought. What are governments doing?
Countries around the world are being asked to set goals that will reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to "zero" by the middle of this century.
This means that any emissions will be balanced by absorbing equal amounts, for example by planting trees.
The hope is that it will curb the most dangerous effects of climate change by stopping the rapid rise in temperature.
What are scientists doing?
Scientists are increasingly aware of climate change.
For example, they can now detect the link between climate change and a single climatic event, such as a heavy rain or heat wave.
It is hoped that they will be able to better predict such weather disasters in the future. What can people do?
Scientists say that people can take the following steps:
Reduce reliance on vehicles by using public transport or bicycles for travel
Insulate your homes
Reduce air travel
Reduce meat and milk consumption
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